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This book develops limit theorems for a natural class of long range random walks on finitely generated torsion free nilpotent groups. The limits in these limit theorems are Lévy processes on some simply connected nilpotent Lie groups. Both the limit Lévy process and the limit Lie group carrying this process are determined by and depend on the law of the original random walk. The book offers the first systematic study of such limit theorems involving stable-like random walks and stable limit Lévy processes in the context of (non-commutative) nilpotent groups.
Probabilities. --- Mathematics. --- Probability Theory. --- Applied Probability.
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This textbook offers an approachable introduction to measure-theoretic probability, illustrating core concepts with examples from statistics and engineering. The author presents complex concepts in a succinct manner, making otherwise intimidating material approachable to undergraduates who are not necessarily studying mathematics as their major. Throughout, readers will learn how probability serves as the language in a variety of exciting fields. Specific applications covered include the coupon collector’s problem, Monte Carlo integration in finance, data compression in information theory, and more. Measure-Theoretic Probability is ideal for a one-semester course and will best suit undergraduates studying statistics, data science, financial engineering, and economics who want to understand and apply more advanced ideas from probability to their disciplines. As a concise and rigorous introduction to measure-theoretic probability, it is also suitable for self-study. Prerequisites include a basic knowledge of probability and elementary concepts from real analysis.
Probabilities. --- Measure theory. --- Probability Theory. --- Applied Probability. --- Measure and Integration.
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This book offers an introduction to the field of stochastic analysis of Hermite processes. These selfsimilar stochastic processes with stationary increments live in a Wiener chaos and include the fractional Brownian motion, the only Gaussian process in this class. Using the Wiener chaos theory and multiple stochastic integrals, the book covers the main properties of Hermite processes and their multiparameter counterparts, the Hermite sheets. It delves into the probability distribution of these stochastic processes and their sample paths, while also presenting the basics of stochastic integration theory with respect to Hermite processes and sheets. The book goes beyond theory and provides a thorough analysis of physical models driven by Hermite noise, including the Hermite Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and the solution to the stochastic heat equation driven by such a random perturbation. Moreover, it explores up-to-date topics central to current research in statistical inference for Hermite-driven models.
Probabilities. --- Probability Theory. --- Applied Probability. --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Mathematics --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk
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This book provides a compact and systematic overview of closure properties of heavy-tailed and related distributions, including closure under tail equivalence, convolution, finite mixing, maximum, minimum, convolution power and convolution roots, and product-convolution closure. It includes examples and counterexamples that give an insight into the theory and provides numerous references to technical details and proofs for a deeper study of the subject. The book will serve as a useful reference for graduate students, young researchers, and applied scientists.
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Stochastic models. --- Distribution (Probability theory) --- Operations research.
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The definitive guide to the game-theoretic and probabilistic underpinning for Bitcoin’s security model. The book begins with an overview of probability and game theory. Nakamoto Consensus is discussed in both practical and theoretical terms. This volume: Describes attacks and exploits with mathematical justifications, including selfish mining. Identifies common assumptions such as the Market Fragility Hypothesis, establishing a framework for analyzing incentives to attack. Outlines the block reward schedule and economics of ASIC mining. Discusses how adoption by institutions would fundamentally change the security model. Analyzes incentives for double-spend and sabotage attacks via stock-flow models. Overviews coalitional game theory with applications to majority takeover attacks Presents Nash bargaining with application to unregulated environments This book is intended for students or researchers wanting to engage in a serious conversation about the future viability of Bitcoin as a decentralized, censorship-resistant, peer-to-peer electronic cash system.
Bitcoin. --- Game theory. --- Game theory, probability, Bitcoin.
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This graduate text presents the elegant and profound theory of continuous parameter Markov processes and many of its applications. The authors focus on developing context and intuition before formalizing the theory of each topic, illustrated with examples. After a review of some background material, the reader is introduced to semigroup theory, including the Hille–Yosida Theorem, used to construct continuous parameter Markov processes. Illustrated with examples, it is a cornerstone of Feller’s seminal theory of the most general one-dimensional diffusions studied in a later chapter. This is followed by two chapters with probabilistic constructions of jump Markov processes, and processes with independent increments, or Lévy processes. The greater part of the book is devoted to Itô’s fascinating theory of stochastic differential equations, and to the study of asymptotic properties of diffusions in all dimensions, such as explosion, transience, recurrence, existence of steady states, and the speed of convergence to equilibrium. A broadly applicable functional central limit theorem for ergodic Markov processes is presented with important examples. Intimate connections between diffusions and linear second order elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations are laid out in two chapters, and are used for computational purposes. Among Special Topics chapters, two study anomalous diffusions: one on skew Brownian motion, and the other on an intriguing multi-phase homogenization of solute transport in porous media.
Probabilities. --- Mathematics. --- Probability Theory. --- Applications of Mathematics.
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These Lecture Notes provide an introduction to the study of those discrete surfaces which are obtained by randomly gluing polygons along their sides in a plane. The focus is on the geometry of such random planar maps (diameter, volume growth, scaling and local limits...) as well as the behavior of statistical mechanics models on them (percolation, simple random walks, self-avoiding random walks...). A “Markovian” approach is adopted to explore these random discrete surfaces, which is then related to the analogous one-dimensional random walk processes. This technique, known as "peeling exploration" in the literature, can be seen as a generalization of the well-known coding processes for random trees (e.g. breadth first or depth first search). It is revealed that different types of Markovian explorations can yield different types of information about a surface. Based on an École d'Été de Probabilités de Saint-Flour course delivered by the author in 2019, the book is aimed at PhD students and researchers interested in graph theory, combinatorial probability and geometry. Featuring open problems and a wealth of interesting figures, it is the first book to be published on the theory of random planar maps.
Probabilities. --- Graph theory. --- Geometry. --- Stochastic processes. --- Graph Theory in Probability. --- Probability Theory. --- Stochastic Processes.
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This monograph highlights the connection between the theory of neutron transport and the theory of non-local branching processes. By detailing this frequently overlooked relationship, the authors provide readers an entry point into several active areas, particularly applications related to general radiation transport. Cutting-edge research published in recent years is collected here for convenient reference. Organized into two parts, the first offers a modern perspective on the relationship between the neutron branching process (NBP) and the neutron transport equation (NTE), as well as some of the core results concerning the growth and spread of mass of the NBP. The second part generalizes some of the theory put forward in the first, offering proofs in a broader context in order to show why NBPs are as malleable as they appear to be. Stochastic Neutron Transport will be a valuable resource for probabilists, and may also be of interest to numerical analysts and engineers in the field of nuclear research.
Probabilities. --- Stochastic processes. --- Markov processes. --- Applied Probability. --- Probability Theory. --- Stochastic Processes. --- Markov Process.
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